Erupţia dentiţiei permanente întârziată de cauze locale – patogeneză, terminologie, diagnostic

Aim. The paper aims at presenting the terminology and pathogenesis of dental eruption and at identifying the lo­cal causes of delayed eruption by clinical and radiological ana­lysis of the permanent dentition. Materials and method. The study was performed on a group of 115 patients diag­nosed with eruption delayed by local cause. The clinical data were collected by two examiners who performed both cli­ni­cal analysis, orthopantomographies interpretation and the calculation of Demirjian index. Results and discussion. The distribution of the study group did not indicate sig­ni­fi­cant differences between sexes and an average age of 12.58 years old. The average values of the Demirjian index of 7.43 for the inferior canine were calculated, 7.35 for the first mandibular premolar, 6.88 for the second mandibular pre­mo­lar, and 6.9 for the mandibular permanent molar. The inferior canine erupts at 9.98 years of age differently from existing national standards, but similar to current Ame­ri­can Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) and Eu­ro­pean Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (EAPD) after the first premolar and sometimes even after the second pre­mo­lar. Conclusions. The importance of delayed erup­tion as a clinical problem is reflected by numerous scien­ti­fic publications that reflect many controversies over the terminology used, the pathogenesis of this unique develop­men­tal process in the body, and the reporting of standards derived from population studies. In current den­tal practice, significant deviations from accepted norms are observed; most frequently occurring is the delayed erup­tion which may be the first or the only manifestation of local or systemic pathology and may affect the accuracy of diagnosis, the planning of prophylactic or pedodontic treat­ment or the timing of orthodontic treatment, with a sig­ni­fi­cant impact on the general health status of the child.