Anti-fogging performances of liquid metal surface modified by ZnO nano-petals

Abstract In this paper, a topography-controlled ZnO nano-petal array has been fabricated on liquid metal (Ga 75.5 In 24.5 ) surface, and possesses not only superhydrophobicity and anti-fogging in low temperature but also robust heat transfer efficiency. The rough nano-petals prevent water layer formation at initial time, and maintain robust performance in enhancing the coalescence of condensed droplets, leading to excellent self-cleaning properties. In addition, the liquid metal used as cushioning materials with robust heat transfer character, has been identified as one of the most appropriate materials to enhance heat transmission.