High Mobility Group Box-1 Levels may be associated with disease activity of Behcet's Disease.

AIM High Mobility Group Box-1 (HMGB-1) is a nuclear protein acting as a proinflammatory molecule. The serum HMGB-1 levels were found elevated in chronic inflammatory diseases. In this cross-sectional study, serum HMGB-1 levels in Behcet's disease (BD) patients and healthy controls (HC) were studied. Also, its association with disease activity scores and clinical findings were evaluated. METHOD Ninety BD patients and 50 age-sex matched HC were included in the study. Disease activity scores were assessed by Behcet Disease Current Activity Form (BDCAF) and Behcet Syndrome Activity Score (BSAS). Serum HMGB-1 levels were measured using a commercial ELISA kit. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS Serum HMGB-1 levels were significantly higher in BD than in HC (43.26 pg/mL and 16.73 pg/mL; p< 0.001 respectively). Serum HMGB-1 levels were statistically significantly associated with presence of erythema nodosum (EN) and genital ulcers in the last one month prior to recruitment (p= 0.041 and p< 0.001, respectively). BDCAF and BSAS scores were positively correlated with serum HMGB-1 level (p= 0.03 and p= 0.02, respectively). CONCLUSION HMGB-1 may play a role in the development of BD. Also, due to its positive correlation with disease activity indices, it can be used as a novel disease activity parameter in BD.