Cell-Based Cartilage Regeneration

Since decades various regenerative cell-based treatment options have been developed for cartilage repair. With the introduction of the autologous chondrocyte transplantation, also large-sized chondral defects can be successfully addressed. This chapter gives a short overview about current procedures for cell-based treatment strategies like bone marrow stimulation techniques, osteochondral transplantation, and chondrocyte transplantation. Requirements and outcome parameters for a successful treatment and future directions in cartilage regeneration are discussed. Finally treatment recommendations according to cartilage defect size and depth are given.