[Effects of psychosomatic treatment for the elderly on cognition and quality of life : Naturalistic study at the psychosomatic day care hospital for the elderly in Nuremberg].

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE In 2006 the psychosomatic day care hospital for the treatment of acute mental illness of elderly people opened as the first clinic of its kind in Germany. The aim of the study was to determine treatment effectiveness regarding quality of life and cognition. MATERIAL AND METHODS Designed as a naturalistic study of a population sample of 116 patients, the cognitive capacity (memory performance and cognitive speed) and the subjective quality of life were measured by the Nuremberg aging inventory (NAI) and the World Health Organization quality of life for elderly persons (WHOQOL-OLD). The patients were surveyed at four points in time including at 8‑month follow-up. A 5-week waiting time before admission to the 5‑week therapy was implemented as a control condition. RESULTS In comparison with the waiting time, after treatment significant improvement (<0.05) was found in cognitive capacity and quality of life. Effect sizes were partly small and mostly moderate (ES 0.2-1.0) with larger effect sizes in the quality of life than in the cognitive domain. Improvements of cognition and quality of life remained stable at follow-up (admission to follow-up ES 0.1-1.0). No correlation was found between cognitive improvement and reduction of depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION The results indicate that the psychosomatic day care hospital treatment of the elderly improves subjective quality of life and cognitive capacity.