Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Children

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common malignant liver tumor in children after hepatoblastoma (HB) and accounts for approximately 0.3% of all pediatric malignancies [1]. The age-adjusted incidence rate of HCC in the United States in children is 0.41 (0.24–0.65) per 1,000,000 population, with no gender predominance [1]. Children with HCC may present at any age, although the incidence is highest between the ages of 10–19 years [1–3].