Effect of Eu substitution on magnetic behavior of spinel nickel ferrites

Soft magnetic nickel ferrites with iron partly substituted by europium as the rare-earth metal having resultant chemical formula NiEuxFe2-xO4 (with x being the substituting amount per formula unit) were studied. Ferrite samples were synthesized conventionally by means of solid-state reaction with proper metal oxides used as initial raw materials followed by thermal treatment - double-sintering at 950°C for 1 hour and 1200°C for 6 hours. XRD analysis approved the crystalline structure being mainly the inverse spinel with the hints of secondary phase, impossible to identify, for x ≥ 0.04. The influence of rare-earth contents on important magnetic properties, such as, e.g., the Curie temperature, coercive field, remanent flux density, amplitude and initial permeability, hysteresis loop area, etc. was investigated.Soft magnetic nickel ferrites with iron partly substituted by europium as the rare-earth metal having resultant chemical formula NiEuxFe2-xO4 (with x being the substituting amount per formula unit) were studied. Ferrite samples were synthesized conventionally by means of solid-state reaction with proper metal oxides used as initial raw materials followed by thermal treatment - double-sintering at 950°C for 1 hour and 1200°C for 6 hours. XRD analysis approved the crystalline structure being mainly the inverse spinel with the hints of secondary phase, impossible to identify, for x ≥ 0.04. The influence of rare-earth contents on important magnetic properties, such as, e.g., the Curie temperature, coercive field, remanent flux density, amplitude and initial permeability, hysteresis loop area, etc. was investigated.