NOSES in Colorectal Surgery: Vietnamese Experience

With the general acceptance of laparoscopy as a surgical tool treating colorectal diseases, digestive surgeons, in the early 1990s, began to change the strategies in surgical procedures. By obligations due to unsuitable equipment (only ILS® circular stapler existed, and no Endo GIA® was available before 1993 on French market (Fig. 47.1)) we performed in November 1991 the first world’s rectal TME with ISR and transanal specimen extraction with coloanal manual anastomosis.