Ablación septal con alcohol en la miocardiopatía hipertrófica. Experiencia de 10 años de un centro de cardiología. Resultados inmediatos y seguimiento a 12 meses

Objetivo: Conocer las caracteristicas demograficas, clinicas, hemodinamicas y su evolucion intrahospitalaria a mediano plazo en la miocardiopatia hipertrofica septal obstructiva. Material y metodos: Estudio observacional, longitudinal con direccion retrospectiva, descriptivo y no comparativo (serie de casos) que incluye 21 pacientes con diagnostico de miocardiopatia hipertrofica septal obstructiva con los siguientes criterios: clase funcional III-IV de la New York Heart Association refractarios a tratamiento y/o con gradiente ≥ 30 mmHg en reposo o ≥ 60 mmHg provocado y ademas con movimiento sistolico anterior o insuficiencia mitral > GII esto, por ecocardiografia. Resultados: Variables demograficas: edad promedio de la cohorte fue de 50 ± 16; distribucion por genero: hombres n = 8 (38.1%), mujeres n = 13 (61.9%); sintomas: angor n = 9 (42.9%), disnea n = 18 (85.7), sincope n = 5 (23.8); clases funcionales (New York Heart Association) (preablacion): clase funcional 3 n = 12 (57.1%), clase funcional 4 n = 1 (4.8%); uso de farmacos: BB n =15 (71.4%), Verapamil n = 13 (61.9%), IECA n = 3 (14.3%), ECG: HVI n = 17 (81%), FA n = 1 (4.8%), BCRIHH n = 3 (14.3%); ecocardiograficas: eco basal PPVI 14.9 ± 4.4 mm, SIV 22.7 ± 4.9 mm, FE 65.5 + 7%, Gte.TSVI 106.9 ± 29.9 mmHg, grado IM-3 n = 7 (33.3%), grado IM-4 n = 10 (47.6%); postintervencion Eco Gte TVSI 44.6 ± 24.3 mm, grado IM-3 n = 3 (14.3%), grado IM-4 n = 1 (4.8%), alcohol 3.4 ± 0.9 mL; estancia intrahospitalaria 5.9 ± 3 dias, CPK-total 1466 ± 924, CK-MB 215 ± 128; complicaciones electricas BAV transitorio n = 11(52.9%), MCPD n = 1 (4.8), hemodinamicas-FE basal 65.5 + 16, FE post 62.2 ± 6.5, gte basal 106.33 ± 37 mmHg, Gte-post 44 ± 34 mmhg; evolucion: 1 ano CF-NYHA, CF1: n = 19 (90.5%), CF2: n = 2 (9.5%), eco Gte TSVI 22.0 ± 5.7 mmHg, SIV 20.7 ± 3.1 mm, FE (68.7 ± 6.2%), IM-0 n = 11 (52.4%), IM-1 n = 6 (28.6%), IM-2 n = 4 (19%); mortalidad intrahospitalaria del 0%. Conclusion: La ablacion septal con alcohol es un metodo que tiene una alta tasa de exito con una mejoria en cuanto a la calidad de vida del paciente y con un indice de complicaciones baja. Objective: To know the demographic, clinical, hemodynamic, and hospital course, and medium term septal obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Material and methods: Observational, longitudinal direction retrospective, descriptive and comparative (case series), including 21 patients with septal obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with the following criteria: functional class III-IV New York Heart Association refractory to treatment and/or ≥ 30 mmHg gradient at rest or ≥ 60 mm Hg provoked, and others have systolic anterior motion or mitral insufficiency > GII this by echocardiography. Results: Demographic variables: population-average age of the cohort was 50 ± 16 years, distribution by gender: men n = 8 (38.1%), women n = 13 (61.9%) symptoms: angor n = 9 (42.9%), dyspnea n = 18 (85.7), syncope n = 5 (23.8) CF-NYHA (pre-ablation): CF3 n = 12 (57.1%), CF4 n = 1 (4.8%); drug use: BB n = 15 (71.4%), verapamil n = 13 (61.9%), ACE inhibitors n = 3 (14.3%), ECG LVH n = 17 (81%), FA n = 1 (4.8%), LBHH n = 3 (14.3%); ecocardiogaphic-eco baseline: 14.9 ± 4.4 mm WPLV, IVS 22.7 ± 4.9 mm, EF: 65.5 ± 7%, Gte.TVG: 106.9 ± 29.9 mmHg, MI-3 grade n = 7 (33.3%), grade MI-4 n = 10 (47.6%) Post-intervention-eco gte TVG 44.6 ± 24.3 mm, grade MI-3 n = 3 (14.3%), grade MI-4 n = 1 (4.8%) 3.4 ± 0.9 ml alcohol, hospital stay 5.9 ± 3 days, CPK-total 1466 ± 924; CK-MB 215 ± 128, LVB transient electrical complications n = 11 (52.9%), permanent cardiac pacemaker n = 1 (4.8)-FE hemodynamic baseline: 65.5% ± 16, post-FE 62.2% ± 6.5; Gte Basal: 106.33 ± 37 mmhg GTE-post 44 ± 34 mmHg, evolution: 1 year follow-up CF-NYHA, CF1: n = 19 (90.5%), CF2: n = 2 (9.5%); Eco Gte 22.0 ± 5.7 mm Hg LVOT, 20.7 ± 3.1 mm SIV, FE (68.7 ± 6.2%), IM-0 n = 11 (52.4%), IM-1 n = 6 (28.6%), IM-2 n = 4 (19%), hospital mortality of 0%. Conclusion: The alcohol septal ablation is a method that has a high success rate, with an improvement in the quality of life of patients with a low complication rate.