A case of infectious thoracic aortic aneurysm after intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin instillation therapy for a superficial bladder cancer

Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin instillation therapy after transurethral resection of bladder tumor is considered as the most effective treatment for prophylaxis against the recurrence of high-risk, non-muscle bladder cancer. However, intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin instillation therapy has some characteristic complications. Here, we report a case of infectious thoracic aortic aneurysm related to prior intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin instillation, which consequently allows the spread into the adjacent lung tissue and secretion in sputum of Mycobacterium bovis.