Efficiency and safety evaluation of prophylaxes for venous thrombosis after gynecological surgery.

BACKGROUND In this study, we investigate the incidence of venous thrombosis (VT), and evaluate the effectiveness and safety of 3 major thromboprophylaxes and the potential risk factors for VT in women undergoing surgery for a gynecological malignancy. METHODS We performed a randomized controlled trial of 307 patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for gynecological malignancies at a single institution from January 2016 to October 2017. Patients were divided into 3 groups: one receiving a half dose of low-molecular-weight heparin sodium injection (FLUXUM, Alfa Wassermann, Italy) delivered by injection, one receiving a full dose of FLUXUM, and a third group receiving an Argatroban injection. RESULTS None of the patients in our study developed a pulmonary embolism, bleeding, or infectious complications. There were no statistical differences in the rate of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (0%, 0%, and 2.38%) and the superficial venous thromboembolism (SVT) (15.66%, 8.97%, and 18.6%) among the 3 groups. None of the patients developed symptomatic VT. The effect of treatment on alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase differed between the groups, with a minimal effect in the Argatroban group, and all 3 methods resulted in minimal impairment of renal function. Decreased hemoglobin, elevated levels of D-dimer, and prothrombin time were closely related to thrombogenesis. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the incidence of postoperative thrombosis in gynecological malignancy among these Chinese people is not as low as we had originally presumed. Argatroban is not more effective than Parnaparin as a direct thrombin inhibitor, but it has less influence on liver function, which is beneficial for patients undergoing chemotherapy. Hemoglobin, D-dimer, and prothrombin time may be used to predict or detect thrombogenesis.