Cytocompatibility of Mats Prepared from DifferentElectrospun Polymer Nanofibers
2020
Mats of cytocompatible polymer fibers
are needed as scaffolds in
tissue engineering or as wound healing supports. Most recently, they
have emerged as matrix-material to allow for in situ chemo- and biosensing
inside intact tissue fragments or surrogates. Electrospinning of such
fibers from polymer solutions provides extended options to control
the structural and functional properties of the resulting fiber mats.
We have prepared electrospun polymeric fiber mats from poly(lactic
acid) (PLA), polystyrene (PS), and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) with
two different fiber densities. Mats and individual fibers were characterized
with respect to their dimensions, morphology, and their compatibility
with human keratinocytes (HaCaT) selected as a biological model. Microscopic
inspection revealed that HaCaT cells were viable on mats from all
three polymers with only a negligible fraction of dead cells, similar
to planar control surfaces. Growth in the presence of the fiber mats
did not alter cellular metabolism (ATP, redox state) and did not induce
significant production of cytokines (interleukin-6 (IL-6); monocyte
chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1)). However, we did observe that fiber
density changed the overall topography of the resulting mats and led
to differences in the establishment of continuous cell sheets. In
conclusion, the findings support the suitability of electrospun polymeric
fiber mats made from PLA, PS, or PVP as potential biocompatible matrices
for future two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) sensing
of vital parameters from tissue in health and disease.
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