Adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research Recommendations and Colorectal Cancer Risk in Morocco: A Case-Control Study

Background: Currently, colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality were rising in African countries; these rates are alarming and should be considered to make prevention policies. The World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) released 8 recommendations on body fatness, physical activity and diet to prevent against cancer development. Aim: The current study was designed to evaluate the association between the WCRF/AICR recommendations and the risk of CRC in a case-control study among Moroccan adults. Methods: A case-control study was conducted in 5 Moroccan hospital centers, including 1516 cases and 1516 controls. The study was matched on sex, age (± 5 years) and center. The habitual diet was assessed with a validated food frequency questionnaire. Adherence to WCRF/AICR recommendations was evaluated through a score that incorporates 6 components (body fatness, physical activity, foods and drinks that promote weight gain, plant foods, animal foods, alcoholic drinks). ...