Host-epigenetics-microbiota: A tripartite interaction in health and disease

Abstract It has been demonstrated the importance of microbiota composition to determine human health and disease status. There is a constant interaction between host and microbiota to regulate the microbial composition and host physiology functions including immune responses, metabolism, nervous system, and epigenetic modifications. A range of various factors can impact human microbial composition, which has a close association with the maintenance of human health or the development of major human disorders such as infectious disease, metabolic disorders, and cancers. The evaluation of human microbiota and induced epigenetic modifications in the host cells can be very fundamental in this regard but has not been broadly deciphered in different aspects of homeostasis and several disorders. Current investigations on the human microbiota and epigenetic modifications have become much more sophisticated and comprehensive. Basically, it seems that the development of such an investigation can be very effective for more accurate targeted therapeutics and control strategies of numerous disorders. Therefore, the presentation of an overview on the interaction between host, epigenetic modifications, and human microbiota in the homeostasis and disorders can pave new ways to the understanding of the role of human microbiota and epigenetic modifications in health and disease, and improving control, diagnostics, and therapeutic strategies in clinical practice. Further evaluations are necessary to better uncovering this correlation.