Fibro-Osseous Lesions of the Orbit and Optic Canal

Abstract The term fibro-osseous lesion applies to a broad range of pathologic conditions in which bone is replaced with a connective tissue matrix. The majority of these conditions are benign, but osteosarcoma, a malignant lesion, can also be categorized as a fibro-osseous lesion. The orbit and optic canal are rarely affected by such lesions in isolation, but rather are involved by the close proximity of the orbital complex with the paranasal sinuses and skull base. The most common fibro-osseous lesions observed in the craniofacial region, which are generally amenable to endoscopic or combined endoscopic and open surgical procedures, are reviewed in this chapter, including osteoma, osteoblastoma, osteoclastoma, ossifying fibroma, fibrous dysplasia, and osteosarcoma. Clinical and radiographic presentation of each condition along with treatment approaches and recommendations are discussed.