Primary hyperparathyroidism associated with multiple myeloma: a case report

Primary hyperparathyroidism and malignant diseases are the most frequent causes of hypercalcemia. Cases in which hypercalcemia is due to both these diseases have been included in a few reports. Fourty six year old woman was admitted for malignant hypercaelcemia of 166mg/l, the diagnosis was primary hyperparathyroidism. Multiple myeloma was also suspected given the pancytopenia on the cell blood count associated to hypercalcemia. Urine immunoelectrophoresis indicated Bence Jones protein (L type) and bone marrow biopsy showed mildly hypercellular bone marrow with plasmacytosis (30%). A parathyroidectomy was initially indicated as the first etiological treatment of the hypercalcemia. The patient was referred in a second time to the department of oncology, for a specialized treatment of multiple myeloma. In this paper we have discussed this rare phenomenon. We have also provided a review of the scientific literature published on codiagnosis of of Multiple Myeloma(MM) and Primary Hyperparathyroidism (PHPT).