Patient-related attitudinal barriers to cancer pain management among adult Jordanian patients

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the attitudinal barriers to cancer pain management among adult Jordanian patients and to explore relationships between attitudinal barriers, pain, and demographic variables. Methods In this descriptive correlational study a convenience sample of 150 Jordanian adults with cancer pain were recruited from the outpatient cancer clinic at a regional comprehensive cancer center in Jordan. Patients completed the Arabic version of Barriers Questionnaire (ABQ-II), the Arabic version of Brief-Pain-Inventory (ABPI), and demographic questions. Results More than half of participants were male (61%), had a mean age of 44 years and length of education 14.5 years. Mean (SD) ABQ-II total score was 2.3 (0.8), on a scale of 0–5, with higher scores indicating stronger barriers. Older patients had significantly more barriers, and scored higher on concerns about harmful effects and communication. Patients with higher education levels had significantly lower fatalistic beliefs. Patients with higher barriers had significantly higher levels of worst pain. Pain interference with life activities was positively correlated with the fatalism subscale. Conclusions Study provides useful baseline data on barriers to management of cancer pain among Jordanian that have not been available before. This data can be used in planning and testing interventions to understand and improve patient's attitudes to cancer pain management, and allow for cross-cultural comparisons.