Temperament and Character Profile in Failed Back Surgery Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Clinical Study

Of these factors, psychosocial factors such as depression, poor coping, anxiety, somatization, and hypochondriasis have been associated with the development of FBSS (5, 17). It may also be considered as a part of a biopsychosocial problem. Additionally, secondary gain, loss of employment or inability to work may contribute to the decreased quality of life and coping with pain, and may result in an increase in disability. Although the ideal timing of the surgical decision is not well defined