Devices for Neural Modulation (Renal Denervation, Barostimulation)

One of the pathogenic factors of arterial hypertension in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients is increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). Kidneys are innervated by two types of fibers the sensory afferent fibers leading from the central nervous system to the kidneys and sympathetic efferent fibers which start in the kidneys and run to the central nervous system. Results of experimental and clinical studies suggest that afferent activation affects SNS centers in central nervous system what can cause hypertension. The reduction of SNS activity in CKD is a promising method of antihypertensive therapy. Recently, two nonpharmacological interventional methods of antihypertensive treatment, renal denervation (RDN) and baroreceptor activation therapy (BAT), were introduced. Preliminary results concerning the use of both abovementioned methods in CKD patients suggest that RDN and BAT lowered the blood pressure.