Minimally invasive periacetabular osteotomy using a modified Smith-Petersen approach: technique and early outcomes
2017
Aims Periacetabular osteotomy is an effective way of treating symptomatic
hip dysplasia. We describe a new minimally invasive technique using
a modification of the Smith-Peterson approach. We performed a prospective, longitudinal cohort study to assess
for any compromise in acetabular correction when using this approach,
and to see if the procedure would have a higher complication rate
than that quoted in the literature for other approaches. We also
assessed for any improvement in functional outcome. Patients and Methods From 168 consecutive patients (189 hips) who underwent acetabular
correction between March 2010 and March 2013 we excluded those who
had undergone previous pelvic surgery for DDH and those being treated
for acetabular retroversion. The remaining 151 patients (15 men,
136 women) (166 hips) had a mean age of 32 years (15 to 56) and the
mean duration of follow-up was 2.8 years (1.2 to 4.5). In all 90%
of cases were Tonnis grade 0 or 1. Functional outcomes were assessed
using the Non Arthritic Hip Score (NAHS), University of California,
Los Angeles (UCLA) and Tegner activity scores. Results The mean pre-operative lateral centre-edge angle was 14.2° (-5°
to 30°) and the mean acetabular index was 18.4° (4° to 40°). Post-operatively
these were 31° (18° to 46°) and 3° (-7° to 29°), respectively, a
significant improvement in both (p < 0.001). Allogenic blood
transfusion was required in two patients (1.2%). There were no major
nerve or vascular complications, and no wound infections. At the
time of last follow-up, we noted a significant improvement in functional
outcome scores: UCLA improved by 2.31 points, Tegner improved by
1.08 points, and the NAHS improved by 25.4 points (p < 0.001
for each). Hypermobility and longer duration of surgery were significant
negative predictors for a good post-operative UCLA score, while
residual retroversion was a positive predictor of post-operative
UCLA score. Conclusion We have found this approach to be safe and effective, facilitating
early recovery from surgery. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:22–8.
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