Endobronchial Tuberculosis: A case report

Pulmonary tuberculosis is one of the major health problems worldwide. Endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) is a unique type of pulmonary tuberculosis .About 10- 40% of patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis have EBTB as reported in previous studies. It has been defined as tuberculous infection of the tracheobronchial tree with microbial and histopathological evidence. For early diagnosis a high index of clinical suspicion is required and bronchoscopy should be performed as soon as possible in suspected patients. Bronchoscopic sampling has been the key to the diagnosis producing more than 90% yield on smear as well as on culture. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment, before the development of fibrosis is important to prevent complications of endobronchial tuberculosis, such as bronchostenosis. We herein, report a case of endobronchial TB diagnosed by bronchoscopy guided endobronchial biopsy. Keywords: Biopsy; Bronchoscopy; Endobronchial Tuberculosis; Histopathology; Tracheobronchial Tree; Ulcers