The Influence of Parental Supervision on Medical Adherence in Adolescents With Cystic Fibrosis: Developmental Shifts From Pre to Late Adolescence

Previous research suggests that both parental supervision and adherence decrease in adolescence, as the drive for independence and autonomy emerge naturally during this developmental period. The current study evaluated relationships between patient-reported parental supervision and adherence in 103 preadolescents and adolescents with cystic fibrosis (CF). Activity patterns (medical and nonmedical) were measured using the daily phone diary (DPD) and adherence to nebulized medications was measured electronically. Age was strongly related to amount of supervision, with less supervision provided for older adolescents. Further, preadolescents and adolescents who spent more of their treatment time supervised by parents, particularly mothers, had better adherence.