Emerging Operative Procedures for Tendons

Tendon injuries are a common cause of pain and of restriction of sports or daily life. The pathogenesis of chronic tendon injuries is considered multifactorial; however, the precise role of each predisposing factor remains incompletely understood and remain largely unknown. Therefore, many conservative and surgical treatment have been described in literature with variable results. Minimally invasive surgical techniques have been developed to reduce post-surgical complications and morbidity. Furthermore, they produced faster recovery times and shorter hospital stays compared to traditional open techniques. In this chapter, the recent advances in minimally invasive surgery for the most common Achilles tendon pathologies are reported, including high-volume injections, multiple percutaneous longitudinal tenotomies and minimally invasive stripping, and minimally invasive Achilles tendon repair.