Биохимические и морфометрические методы оценки когнитивных нарушений у пациентов с сахарным диабетом 2 типа

Aim . To study the features of biochemical and morphometric parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cognitive impairment (CI). M aterial and methods. The experimental group included 72 patients with CI and T2D, the control group − 20 patients with T2D and without CI. We used the Montreal Cognitive Scale (MoCA) to assess the presence of CI. We also evaluated the levels of 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG), continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), and data of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). R e sults . We revealed that patients with T2D and CI have high HbA1c levels, but there was no significant difference of 1,5-AG levels between the groups. In patients with CI, we also established a decrease in gray and white matter surface area, as well as subcortical structures (the hippocampus, nucleus accumbens and putamen on both sides; the amygdala and globus pallidus on the right). The severity of CI correlated with polyneuropathy severity. In patients with proliferative retinopathy, there was a decrease in the volume of the caudate nucleus, globus pallidus, putamen and nucleus accumbens. Conclusion . The study revealed that patients with T2D with CI have worse  levels  of  carbohydrate  metabolism  parameters,  as  well  as a decrease in the cortical and subcortical brain structures.