Recent Progress on Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH) Derived Metal-Based Catalysts for CO2 Conversion to Valuable Chemicals

Abstract Global communities have started addressing the problems of climate change-induced by anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions through the valorisation process. CO2 can be upgraded into chemicals such as syngas, oxygenates, methane, and other higher hydrocarbons. Layered double hydroxide (LDH) is one of the most promising materials used for capturing and utilising CO2. This review presents an overview of the recent developments in the synthesis of layered double hydroxide derived catalysts and the applications of LDH used in CO2 conversion processes (thermo-catalytic and photo-catalytic). This review article is divided into two main sections; beginning with brief insights into the different types of methods for synthesizing LDH derived catalysts, and applications of LDH derived catalysts in CO2 utilisation. The latter section consists of four subsections emphasizing on CO2 reforming of methane to syngas, CO2 hydrogenation to methane, CO2 hydrogenation to methanol, and photocatalytic CO2 reduction reactions. For each reaction, the discussion is based on the strategies to modify LDH derived catalysts and challenges associated with the catalysts. Finally, future directions and outlook are also provided for the further development of LDH derived catalysts to overcome the difficulties related to the CO2 conversion reactions.