The Association Between Obesity and Risk of Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery

Abstract: Objective: To determine the relationship between obesity and the risk of AKI after cardiac surgery (CS-AKI) in a cohort study. Methods: A total of 1,601 patients undergoing cardiac surgery were collected and their incidence of CS-AKI were recorded. They were divided into underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese groups. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association between BMI (body mass index) and CS-AKI risk. Then a meta-analysis of published cohort studies was conducted to confirm this result using PubMed and Embase databases. Results: A significant association was observed in this independent cohort after adjusting age, gender, hypertension and New York Heart Association classification (NYHA) class. Compared with normal BMI group (18.5 ≤ BMI 24.0, the risk of developing CS-AKI increased significantly. In the confirmed meta-analysis, compared with normal weight, overweight group with cardiac surgery had higher AKI risk (OR: 1.28, 95%CI: 1.16-1.41, Pheterogeneity= 0.49). The similar association was found in obesity subgroup (OR: 1.79, 95%CI: 1.57-2.03, Pheterogeneity= 0.42). Conclusion: In conclusion, the results suggested that abnormal BMI was a risk factor for CS-AKI independently.