Accelerated immunodeficiency-associated vaccine derived poliovirus serotype 3 (iVDPV3) sequence evolution rate in a 3-month old boy with X-linked agammaglobulinemia and perinatal HIV exposure

Primary B-cell immunodeficiencies are risk factors for the generation of vaccine-derived polioviruses. We report immunodeficiency-associated vaccine-derived poliovirus serotype 3 in an 11-week-old boy with X-linked agammaglobulinemia. Unique characteristics of this case include early age of presentation, high viral evolutionary rate, and the child's perinatal exposure to human immunodeficiency virus.