Primary androgen deprivation (PAD) followed by active surveillance for newly diagnosed prostate cancer (PC).

244 Background: Men undergoing local therapy (LT) with radiation or surgery incur substantial risk of permanent sexual, urinary and rectal toxicity. Active surveillance is only recommended for men with Low-Risk PC who have < 34% biopsy cores positive. Studies of PAD as an alternative to LT are sparse. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 102 men with localized PC administered 12 months of an LHRH agonist and antiandrogen (PAD) followed by immediate biopsy (BX1). Outcome assessed: The incidence of implementing further treatment with either LT or androgen deprivation (AD) if there was subsequent progression on active surveillance (PAS) or if BX1 was positive. Post PAD monitoring included quarterly PSA testing, follow-up biopsy and imaging with color doppler ultrasound and endorectal MRI. Participants were screened for heart disease and osteoporosis and monitored for changes in body weight, BP, liver enzymes, anemia, blood sugar and cholesterol. All received empiric bisphosphonates and 5-alpha reductase inhibi...