Adjuvant Formulations Designed to Improve Swine Vaccine Stability: Application to PCV2 Vaccines☆

Abstract Porcine circovirus associated diseases (PCVADs) are economically important diseases of domestic pigs caused by porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2). PCV2 vaccination is usually performed with adjuvanted inactivated formulations and is necessary to control PCVADs and subclinical PCV2 related body weight losses in pig farming. An important issue with PCV2 vaccine formulation is that PCV2 antigenic media often have properties which destabilize vaccine formulations. Vaccine adjuvants are a key parameter in modern vaccination closely linked to galenic properties of vaccine formulations, and galenic stability is necessary to insure efficacy stability during vaccine shelf life. Here we show that especially designed formulations based on Montanide TM ISA 11R VG (Oil in water) and Montanide TM ESSAI Gel R (polymer) adjuvants are able to resist to very destabilizing antigenic media and conditions while keeping safety parameters and efficacy at requested levels.