Taurine-mediated IDOL Contributes to Resolution of Streptococcus uberis Infection.

Metabolic alterations occur in pathogen infections, but the role of lipid metabolism in the progression of bacterial mastitis is unclear. Crosstalk between lipid droplets (LDs) and invading bacteria occurs and targeting of de novo lipogenesis inhibits pathogen reproduction. Herein, we investigate the role(s) of lipid metabolism in mammary cells during Streptococcus uberis (S. uberis) infection. Our results indicate that S. uberis induces the synthesis of fatty acids and production of LDs. Importantly, taurine reduces fatty acid synthesis, the abundance of LDs and the in vitro bacterial load of S. uberis These changes are mediated, at least partly, by the E3 ubiquitin ligase IDOL, which is associated with the degradation of low-density lipoprotein receptors (LDLRs). We have identified a critical role for IDOL-mediated fatty acid synthesis in bacterial infection, and suggest that taurine may be an effective prophylactic or therapeutic strategy for preventing S. uberis mastitis.