Signal-Amplified Near-Infrared Ratiometric Electrochemiluminescence Aptasensor Based on Multiple Quenching and Enhancement Effect of Graphene/Gold Nanorods/G-Quadruplex

Dual-signaling ratiometric electrochemiluminescence (ECL) technology has attracted particular attention in analytical science due to its precise measurement to normalize variation in environmental changes. Creating new mated ECL report units with two emitting states and improving the detection sensitivity are major challenges for ratiometric ECL measurement. Here, we fabricate an ultrasensitive near-infrared ratiometric ECL aptasensor based on a dual-potential signal amplification strategy triggered by the quencher/enhancer [graphene/hemin/gold nanorods/G-quadruplex–hemin (rGO–H–AuNRs–G4H) composite]. The composite was initially prepared through three consecutive steps: the π–π stacking interaction between hemin and graphene, in-site growth of AuNRs, and surface ligand exchange. Dual ECL quenching of quantum dots (QDs) and multiple signal enhancement of luminol can be achieved simultaneously by the fabrication of the sandwich “thrombin aptamer I (TBA1)–TB–TBA2 (rGO–H–AuNRs–G4H)” mode: (i) the formation of...