High output nanogenerator based on assembly of GaN nanowires

GaN nanowires (NWs) were synthesized through a vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) process. Based on structural analysis, the c-axis of the NW was confirmed to be perpendicular to the growth direction. Nanogenerators (NGs) fabricated by rational assembly of the GaN NWs produced an output voltage up to 1.2 V and output current density of 0.16 µA cm − 2. The measured performance of the GaN NGs was consistent with the calculations using finite element analysis (FEA).