Facile core-shell nanoparticles with controllable antibacterial activity assembled by chemical and biological molecules

Antibiotic residues can induce the production of bacterial variability and increase the variety of resistant bacterial strains. In order to cope up with the global crisis, there is an urgent need to develop alternative drugs and strategies to effectively kill the bacteria and inhibit the emergence of superbugs. Herein, we developed an antibacterial strategy based on the conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CPNs) and the biomolecule-mediated regulation for the controllable antibacterial treatment. Upon being modified with Hoechst 33258 (H33258), the biocompatible CPNs tend to be effective antibacterial agents, with the antibacterial activity being regulated through the binding and separation of H33258 and calf thymus double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) with the aid of deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I). This eco-friendly antibacterial system not only provides a simple and controllable antibacterial strategy but also inspires the design of biomolecule-mediated antibacterial activity regulation.