Comparison of clinical features and prognosis factors in patients with acute respiratory syndrome related to SARS-COV2 versus other respiratory virus

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV2) and represents the causative agent of potentially fatal disease that is of great global public health concern About 5% are critical infections characterized by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) There is scare information about clinical characteristics and prognosis in these patients Objectives: The aims of this study are: (I) compare demographic and clinical characteristics of COVID19 versus others respiratory virus (II) Analyze outcome Methods: Retrospective cohort study of all adults admitted to Tertiary Hospital in Spain from October 2018 to 15th June 2020 We evaluated all adults admitted to Intensive Care Unit (ICU) with confirmed SARSCOV-2 virus infection and other respiratory virus with acute respiratory failure Main variable was COVID19 aetiology We evaluate overall mortality in ICU and at 60 day of admission Exposure variables were: demographics, previous conditions, clinical characteristics, severity of illness, pharmacologic, support therapy and outcome For categorical variables we applied chi square test (fisher when needed) and for continuous t de student or U Mann-Whitney test when needed We allied Kaplan Meier Survival analysis and log rank test for overall 60 day mortality and aetiology Results: During the study period there were included a total of 82 patients: 42 patients with confirmed COVID19 versus 40 patients with other respiratory virus infection and acute respiratory failure Clinical characteristics of COVID19 cohort were: median age was 60 6, majority were males 64% The most frequent comorbidity was hypertension (54%), followed by obesity (33%) 3 Patients with solid organ trasplantation were included 64% of patients with COVID19 needed mechanical ventilation and 21% renal replacement therapy In comparison with those with other respiratory virus infection, COVID19 patients had less severity of illness, SOFA at admission (5 vs 7, p = 0 04), APACHE II (12 7 vs 20, p = 0 001) Mortality at 60 days was 26 1% (11) in COVID19 and 22 5 in other respiratory virus infection Survival Kaplan Meier analysis of overall mortality at 60 days and unfavorable did not showed differences between COVID19 and no COVID19 cohort (p = 0 74);at this time there were still admitted in ICU 7% of COVI19 patients Conclusion: COVID19 patients had more age and less APACHEII and SOFA at admission in ICU than those with other respiratory virus infection Overall mortality at 60 day was not statiscally higher in COVID19 (log rank p = 0 74) Taking into account that 7% of COVID19 were still admitted, prognosis variables at longer time (ej : overall motality at 6 months) may be more precise to evaluate prognosis in COVID-19 patients