A case of osteochondroma arising from the mandibular condyle in a patient with postoperative malocclusion that was secondarily reconstructed by bilateral sagittal splitting ramus osteotomy

Osteochondroma usually occurs in long tubular bones and on the condylar process of the mandible in the head and neck region. In particular, osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle can cause malocclusion and facial asymmetry.We describe a case of osteochondroma arising in the condyle of 29-year-old woman with postoperative malocclusion (occlusal deviation) that was treated by bilateral sagittal splitting ramus osteotomy.The patient received treatment for a clinical diagnosis of temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) at several hospitals over the course of 6 years. On preoperative examination, we diagnosed a tumor of the mandibular condyle with skeletal crossbite. To reconstruct the occlusion, we planned two-stage surgery. At the first operation, the tumor was resected. At the second operation, the postoperative malocclusion were repaired by orthognathic surgery. The patient additionally underwent genioplasty to advance the chin.At the 7-year follow-up, the patient showed a good, stable occlusal relationship, with no tumor recurrence.