Dietary risk factors of primary progressive multiple sclerosis: A population-based case-control study.

Abstract Objectives There are growing evidences on the role of nutritional factors in multiple sclerosis (MS) occurrence. But dietary data are limited in primary progressive type of MS (PPMS). We assessed the role of dietary factors during adolescence in PPMS risk. Methods An incident case-control study on 143 PPMS cases with definite diagnosis and 400 controls were conducted in Sina hospital, Tehran, Iran. Demographic data were collected. Data on nutritional habits during adolescence were obtained using questionnaire designed for multinational case–control studies of environmental risk factors for multiple sclerosis (EnvIMS-Q). Logistic regression models were run to evaluate the role of diet in PPMS risk. Results A significant association was founded between higher intake of dairy, seafood, red meat, poultry, vegetable, fruit and nut and lower risk of PPMS (P Conclusion Our data proposed that adequate intake of food groups and nutrient supplementation during adolescence may be effective in reducing adult-onset PPMS risk.