Design Optimization of Welding Parameters for Multi-response Optimization in TIG Welding Using RSM-Based Grey Relational Analysis

This paper presents a research work on optimization of input process parameters using response surface methodology (RSM) along with grey relational analysis to enhance the weldment quality responses in tungsten inert gas welding of 316L austenitic stainless steels. The process control parameters selected for the investigation are welding current, welding speed, and gas flow rate. The experiments have been performed using Box–Behnken design of RSM with three factors, three levels each. Experiments have been performed and output responses: ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and weld width (WW) have also been measured. Grey relational analysis technique has been applied on experimental data to convert multi-output problem into single-response problem. Mathematical model has been developed correlating the process parameters with grey relational grade. The effects of welding input parameters on multi-performance characteristics have been studied graphical contour plots which made from the developed mathematical model. Optimal process parametric has been obtained at higher grey relational grade value. The results of ANOVA and contour plots indicating that output responses, UTS and WW, are significantly influenced by welding input parameters. The concluding remarks have been drawn from the study.