Design and Analysis of Broadband Ultrathin Reflective Linear-to-Circular Polarization Converter Using Polygon-Based Anisotropic-Impedance Surface

A broadband reflective linear-to-circular polarization converter (LCPC) is designed using a polygon-based single-layer anisotropic-impedance surface on an ultrathin (thickness is $0.053\lambda _{\mathbf {0}}$ , where $\lambda _{\mathbf {0}}$ is the wavelength corresponding to the mid operating frequency) ground-backed substrate. Using the admittance analysis of the equivalent circuit model (ECM) and extraction of the admittance through the area moment of inertia equations, simple and generalized design guidelines are presented. The proposed polarization converter produces left-handed circularly polarized (LHCP) and right-handed circularly polarized (RHCP) reflected waves, respectively, for the linearly polarized (LP) TE and TM incident waves. It offers 46% (7.62–12.16 GHz) 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) for normal incidences of both the TE- and TM-polarized waves. Moreover, for oblique incidences (up to 30°) of both the LP waves, the ARBW response remains quite stable. The far-field radiation characteristics, which are often not studied, are provided to show its usability as a dual-LP to dual-CP converting reflector for ${X}$ -band communications. The measurement results show good agreement with the numerically simulated results.