Cryopreservation impact on blood progenitor cells: influence of diagnoses, mobilization treatments, and cell concentration

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of cryopreservation in series of peripheral blood progenitor cells stratified by diagnosis, mobilization treatments, and cell concentration, as well as the accuracy of the control aliquots. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Viability and colony-forming unit–granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM), CD34+ cell, lymphocyte, monocyte, and granulocyte counts and recovery were analyzed in 397 leukapheresis procedures before freezing and after thawing. Data from control cryotubes were compared to those from infusing bags. RESULTS: Cell viability decreased after thawing. Viability recovery was lower in cryotubes than in bags in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), in cyclophosphamide plus granulocyte–colony-stimulating factor (Cy+G-CSF) mobilization, and in cell concentration of median or greater. Viability recovery in cryotube was higher in NHL (92.1%) than in Hodgkin's disease (HD; 87.3%) and in G-CSF (95.9%) than Cy+G-CSF mobilization (91.3%). The number of CD34+ cells decreased after thawing in total group, Cy+G-CSF mobilization, and cell concentration less than median subgroups. CD34+ cell recovery was higher in cryotubes (111.3%) than in bags (99.6%) in multiple myeloma (MM; p = 0.015). CFU-GM decreased after thawing in all groups. CFU-GM recovery was lower in cryotubes than in bags in MM (26.0% vs. 59.3%) and in Cy+G-CSF mobilization (49.8% vs. 76.3%). CFU-GM recovery in cryotubes was lower in MM compared with NHL (61.5%), HD (45.1%), and breast cancer (84.0%). Lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes showed differences in the subgroups. CONCLUSION: Cryopreservation negatively impacts in cell viability, CD34+ cell recovery, granulocytes, and CFU-GM, although slight differences between the groups were observed. Cryotubes satisfactorily reflected the quality of the infused cells.