The comparative study of retroperitoneal laparoscopic pyelolithotomy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy in treating renal pelvic stone

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of the retroperitoneal laparoscopic pyelolithotomy (RLP) and the percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in treating renal pelvic stone. Methods The data of 89 patients diagnosed as renal pelvic stone were retrospectively reviewed from January 2009 to July 2016, of whom 43 patients underwent RLP and 46 underwent PCNL. Statistical analysis was performed regarding operation time, blood loss, mean hospital stay, complication rate, and stone-free rate. Results The operation time in RLP group and PCNL group was (117.5±16.7) min and (118.3±16.6) min, respectively, and there was no significant difference (P=0.547). For the two groups, the mean hospital stay was (4.5±0.5)d and (6.1±0.9)d, the mean hemoglobin decrease was (4.5±1.2)g/L and (18.1±3.4)g/L, the post-operative blood transfusion rate was 2.3% and 14.0%, the post-operative septic shock rate was 0 and 9.3%, respectively, with significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). The stone-free rate in both groups was 97.7% and 95.3% with no significant difference (P=0.557). Conclusions RLP has the advantages of quick recovery, less blood loss and lower complication rate than PCNL. It could be a minimally invasive option for the treatment of renal pelvic stone. Key words: Kidney calculi; Retroperitoneal laparoscopic pyelolithotomy(RLP); Percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL); Treatment