Fasciotomy for Deep Posterior Compartment Syndrome in the Lower Leg: A Prospective Study

Background:Patients with exercise-induced lower leg pain may suffer from deep posterior chronic exertional compartment syndrome (dp-CECS). Current evidence for the efficacy of surgery is based on retrospective studies. Effects of fasciotomy on symptoms associated with dp-CECS have not been systematically studied, and reasons for unsuccessful surgery are unknown.Purpose:To report the short- and long-term effects of fasciotomy on pain, tightness, and cramps in a prospective cohort of patients with isolated dp-CECS.Study Design:Case series; Level of evidence, 4.Methods:Between September 2011 and January 2015, pain, tightness, cramps, muscle weakness, and diminished sensation were scored (5-item verbal rating scale ranging from very severe [5 points] to absent [1 point]) in patients with dp-CECS before and after fasciotomy. Outcomes were graded as excellent, good, moderate, fair, or poor. Fair and poor cases were again analyzed during a follow-up visit in the outpatient department.Results:Forty-four patients ...