Technological scheme for copper slag processing

Abstract A technological scheme for copper slag processing is proposed. It comprises 5 stages, namely: (i) air oxidation of the copper slag at a temperature above 800 °C for 2 h; (ii) hydrothermal treatment of the oxidized slag with sodium hydroxide solution (140 g/l) at 190 °C for 3 h; (iii) separation of the solid from the liquid phase by hot filtration; (iv) gel formation through hydrolysis of the liquid silicate phase by changing pH; (v) obtaining of amorphous SiO 2 (silica gel) by drying at 80 °C. The processes used for slag manipulation were elucidated and optimized for silicon extraction. It was established that the increase in the oxygen partial pressure in the oxidizing gas does not change the mechanism nor significantly intensifies the oxidizing process. A decisive factor for the extraction of SiO 2 during hydrothermal treatment was the concentration of NaOH. Its increase from 60 to 140 g/l reduced the amount of residual SiO 2 more than half and significantly decreased the formation of analcime (NaAlSi 2 O 6 ·H 2 O) in the solid phase. Hydrolysis of the liquid silicate phase by changing pH is an appropriate process for gel formation.