The Impact of Hypothermia on Emergence from Isoflurane Anesthesia in Orexin Neuron-Ablated Mice

whereas orexin neurons exert a minimal influence on anesthesia induction. In human studies, the role of orexin neurons in induction and emergence from anesthesia remains controversial. Plasma orexin levels have been observed to increase after (but not before) emergence in patients undergoing general anesthesia.