Prognostic value of oxidative stress in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock: A prospective cohort study

Abstract Introduction Cardiogenic shock is a frequent complication of acute myocardial infarction. Similar to ischemia/reperfusion injury, excessive production of reactive oxygen species can be expected in those who experience cardiogenic shock. The aims of this study were to describe the extent and time course of oxidative stress and evaluate the prognostic value of oxidative stress markers in patients who experienced ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) complicated by cardiogenic shock. Methods Plasma/serum levels of selected biomarkers of oxidative stress (oxidised guanine species (OGS), malondialdehyde, and glutathione peroxidase 3) and markers, which simultaneously reflect severe cellular damage (ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione) were measured seven times per week in a prospective cohort of 82 patients with STEMI complicated by cardiogenic shock. Results We found elevated OGS levels in patients who died during three months, which persisted significantly increased the next 12 h compared to surviving patients. A similar time course pattern also exhibited concentrations of FRAP and SOD. The other markers did not change significantly and did not show differences between surviving and non-surviving patients during the monitored period. In addition, a strong relationship between OGS, FRAP, and SOD levels (on admission and 12 h after admission) and 3-month mortality was found. Conclusion Levels of OGS, FRAP, and SOD within 12 h after hospital admission were revealed as early predictors of the adverse development of STEMI complicated by cardiogenic shock.