Diffuse Keratoconjunctival Proliferation: A Novel Clinical Manifestation

Objective To report a previously unrecognized benign bilateral widespread conjunctival and corneal proliferative condition with a potential to affect vision. Methods A gradually progressive diffuse conjunctival proliferation extending on the cornea was noted in 14 patients (28 eyes). These patients were followed up for a mean of 6 years for the site, extent, and progression of the condition. Six eyes had these lesions removed and studied histopathologically. Results Patients included 6 men and 8 women (mean age, 57 years). Two patients had bilateral nasal lesions only, 1 patient had bilateral temporal lesions only, 6 patients had both nasal and temporal lesions, and 5 patients had lesions that extended circumferentially. Pathology reports showed dense collagenous tissue, a moderate number of active fibroblasts, numerous blood vessels, and no elastotic degeneration in 3 of the 6 eyes. Two eyes showed mild subepithelial elastotic degeneration, and 1 lesion was difficult to interpret because of excessive intraconjunctival hemorrhage. None showed any inflammatory activity. Conclusions The lesions appear to be a clinical variant of classic pterygium with the corneal encroachment being wider, irregular, and more extensive. Histologically, a noninflammatory nonelastotic collagenous accumulation appears to be a predominant feature unlike in classic pterygium where elastotic degeneration is the predominant feature.