Effect of Multivitamin Supplementation in Women having Recurrent Pregnancy Loss with Hyperhomocysteinemia: A Randomised, Open-Label Study

Background and objective: Homocystenine (Hcy) levels are usually raised in pregnant women but hyperhomocysteinaemia is associated with an approximately two- to three-fold increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcome. Elevated plasma Hcy level is one of the causes of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) apart from various other pregnancy-related complications. Multivitamin is known to reduce homocysteine level. The present study was planned to evaluate the effect of multivitamin on the raised homocysteine levels and to observe the outcome of the present pregnancy in patients with RPL. Methods and Materials: About 37 eligible women participants were randomised into multivitamin or standard treatment group. In all, 18 women were enrolled in multivitamin group and 19 women in the standard treatment group. After 6 weeks of multivitamin supplementation and standard treatment, the homocysteine level were measured in both the group and also the number of pregnancies reaching safe gestation (18 weeks) in the groups of the present pregnancy was observed. Results: Hcy levels were estimated using florescence immunoassay technology. Homocysteine level was significantly reduced in the multivitamin group as compared to the standard treatment group. In all, 67% of women in the multivitamin and reached safe period of gestation (18 weeks) as compared to 47% women in the other group. Conclusion: Multivitamin reduces raised homocysteine level and reduces RPL. Supplementation of multivitamin along with the standard treatment of RPL will be helpful in improvement of pregnancy outcome in cases of RPL.