Percutaneous Balloon Mitral Valvulotomy and Coexisting Left Atrial Hemangioma: Case Report and Long-Term Follow-Up

Hemangiomas of the heart are extremely rare. The prognosis is quite variable, because this benign tumor may grow, involute, or stop growing; therefore, resection is usually the treatment of choice. In patients with tumors of the left atrium, percutaneous balloon mitral valvulotomy is generally contraindicated. Yet for patients with moderate-to-severe mitral valve stenosis, balloon valvulotomy is an established therapy. Herein, we present the case of a 73-year-old woman who was referred to our department in 1995 with severe mitral valve stenosis. Echocardiography showed a valve orifice area of 0.9 cm2, according to Gorlin's formula, and a mean pressure gradient of 11 mmHg. Surgical therapy was declined by the patient. There were no signs of coronary artery disease. The injection of contrast medium into the left coronary artery showed a hemangioma at the posterior wall of the left atrium. Magnetic resonance imaging and transesophageal echocardiography confirmed the diagnosis. Despite the increased risk posed by the hemangioma, we performed successful percutaneous balloon mitral valvulotomy with an Inoue balloon. We saw the patient in 2001, and again in 2008 when she was 86 years of age. She was in excellent condition, with no signs of relevant dyspnea. Magnetic resonance imaging showed the size of the hemangioma to be stable. By use of echocardiography, we were able to confirm a good long-term result of the balloon valvulotomy. In this patient, a nonsurgical approach was adequate because of the lack of growth of the hemangioma in the left atrium.