Self-management based coaching program to improve diabetes mellitus self-management practice and metabolic markers among uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus in Indonesia: A quasi-experimental study

Abstract Diabetes mellitus self-management practice is an essential part of diabetes management among uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of the diabetes mellitus self-management (DMSM) based coaching program on improvement of the DMSM practice and metabolic markers. A quasi-experimental study, pre-test, and post-test design with the non-equivalent control group were applied in this study. Sixty samples were selected and were randomly assigned to both the experimental group and the control group. The Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ) was used to measure the DMSM practice, while metabolic biomarkers were assessed by using the laboratory test. We conducted and compared the DMSM practice and clinical value at baseline and 12 weeks after completing the program. The DMSM based coaching program was a 12-week program with several strategies based on a self-management model. The findings showed that patients who received the DMSM based coaching program have a positive effect on DMSM practice and metabolic marker except for body mass index (BMI). This study revealed that the DMSM based coaching program was practical and feasible for implementation in a broad population with uncontrolled T2DM in Indonesia.