Diabetes and prediabetes Prevalence Among Young and Middle Aged Adults, And Geographic Differences In India- National Family Health Survey.

Objective This study was aimed at approximate the prevalence of hyperglycemia in India among young and middle-aged adults. Methods The study was conducted using the Demographic and Health survey 2015-16, which surveyed 811,808 individuals using a stratified, multistage, cluster sampling design. This cross-sectional survey recorded the socio-demographic and anthropometric data, blood glucose levels of adults aged 18 to 54 years. Results The final analysis included 718,597 individuals of which 49.9% (weighted) were males. The overall prevalence of diabetes was 6.65% and prediabetes was 5.57%. A positive association was seen with urban residence, geographic region, gender, age, body mass index, socioeconomic status, and hypertension. About 2/3rd of all the diabetic population live in urban areas. About half of the urban population is considered overweight/obese. South India region showed a high prevalence of diabetes (PR=2.01;p<0.001) compared to Northern India. Conclusion Hyperglycemia (Diabetes and prediabetes) have a high prevalence among young and middle-aged adults in India and is a major public health issue. Diabetes is unevenly distributed based on geographic location and urbanization. Prevention, early detection, and treatment strategies should include this uneven distribution of diabetes.