Flavivirus envelope protein glycosylation: impacts on viral infection and pathogenesis.

Flaviviruses encode one, two, or no N-linked glycosylation sites on their envelope proteins. Glycosylation can impact virus interactions with cell surface attachment factors and also may impact virion stability and virus replication. Envelope protein glycosylation has been identified as a virulence determinant for multiple flaviviruses, but the mechanisms by which glycosylation mediates pathogenesis remain unclear. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on flavivirus envelope protein glycosylation and its impact on viral infection and pathogenesis.